Sustainability in Costa Rica

Costa Rica has established itself as a global leader in sustainability, combining economic development with environmental conservation. This small Central American country has shown that it is possible to achieve a balance between growth and the protection of natural resources, becoming a model for the rest of the world to follow.

Costa Rica’s success in sustainability is largely due to the public policies implemented by the government. Since the 1980s, the country has taken a proactive approach to environmental conservation, establishing various protected areas that today cover around 25% of the national territory. These areas include national parks, biological reserves and wildlife refuges.

In addition, Costa Rica has made significant international commitments. In 2007, it became one of the first countries to commit to being carbon neutral by 2021, an ambitious goal that has driven various initiatives to reduce emissions and increase energy efficiency.

One of the pillars of sustainability in Costa Rica is its focus on renewable energy. Currently, more than 98% of the country’s electricity comes from renewable sources, such as hydroelectric, wind, geothermal and solar. This achievement not only reduces dependence on fossil fuels, but also decreases the country’s carbon footprint.

The Costa Rican Institute of Electricity (ICE) has been fundamental in this process, developing infrastructure and technology to make the most of the country's natural resources. Thanks to these efforts, Costa Rica has demonstrated that it is possible to generate clean and sustainable energy, serving as an inspiration for other nations.

Sustainable agriculture is another key component in Costa Rica’s sustainability model. The country has promoted agricultural practices that protect soil, conserve water, and encourage biodiversity. The implementation of agroforestry systems and organic farming are examples of how Costa Rican farmers are adopting methods that benefit both the environment and their communities.

Programs such as Payment for Environmental Services (PES) incentivize farmers to conserve forests and maintain sustainable practices, providing economic benefits to those who contribute to environmental protection. This approach has had a positive impact on both biodiversity conservation and the well-being of rural communities.

Tourism is one of the main sources of income for Costa Rica, and the country has been able to capitalize on its natural wealth by promoting ecotourism. Sustainable tourism in Costa Rica focuses on minimizing environmental impact, supporting local communities, and educating visitors about the importance of conservation.

Certifications such as the Certificate of Sustainable Tourism (CST) guarantee that tourism businesses operate in a responsible and sustainable manner. This certification evaluates aspects such as the efficient use of resources, waste reduction and community participation, ensuring that tourism contributes positively to the sustainable development of the country.

Environmental education plays a crucial role in Costa Rica’s sustainability. From an early age, Costa Ricans are educated about the importance of protecting the environment and adopting sustainable practices. This environmental awareness is reflected in Costa Rican society, where most people recognize the value of conservation and actively participate in environmental initiatives.

Costa Rica has shown that sustainable development can be achieved through innovative policies, renewable energy, responsible agricultural practices and conscious tourism. Its commitment to sustainability has not only benefited the environment, but has also strengthened its economy and improved the quality of life of its inhabitants.

The path to sustainability is ongoing and requires the collaboration of all sectors of society. Costa Rica continues to move forward with determination, serving as an example to the world and demonstrating that a sustainable future is achievable with effort and commitment.